Targeted Synthetic Photosynthesis Inhibitors for Herbicidal and Algicidal Applications

Inhibits Photosynthesis through Biochemical and Synthetic Biology Approaches for Weed, Algae, and Cyanobacteria Control/h3>

These synthetic photosynthesis inhibitors for herbicidal and algicidal applications offer an effective solution for weed, algae, and cyanobacteria (blue-green algae) control. Agriculture faces significant challenges in weed control, as current solutions often struggle to provide effective and sustainable management. Weed resistance to existing herbicides has led to decreased crop yields and increased costs for farmers. Additionally, blooms of toxin-producing cyanobacteria are a widespread problem for freshwater and marine environments as well as for the sourcing of drinking water, and raising temperatures associated with climate change increasingly compound the issue. While short-term curative treatments using copper or hydrogen peroxide can be used to quickly mitigate cyanobacterial blooms, these methods often lead to the release of cyanotoxins from the dying cells and exacerbate water pollution. Thus, current methods often lack specificity, resulting in unwanted side effects and inefficiencies. These limitations of available technologies underscore the need for herbicide and algicide technologies that provide precise action, reduce ecological impact, and enhance agricultural productivity.

Researchers at the University of Florida have identified a class of synthetic photosynthesis inhibitors using biochemical and synthetic biology methods. This technology enables precise inhibition of photosynthesis, minimizing off-target effects and ensuring accurate control of plant and algae growth. These inhibitors deliver a competitive advantage in weed and toxic algae control, offering a unique and commercially viable solution to improving crop yields and protecting water resources in a sustainable fashion agriculture.

Application

Targeted synthetic photosynthesis inhibitors for herbicidal and algicidal application

Advantages

• Delivers effective weed, algae, and cyanobacteria control at concentration levels 2 to 50 times lower than standard herbicides such as glyphosate and DCMU, reducing chemical inputs while maintaining strong efficacy
• Demonstrates potent herbicidal and algicidal activity by reducing photosynthetic efficiency by approximately 50% in plants and 100% in algae and cyanobacteria (bactericide), validating strong efficacy at low concentrations
• Promotes sustainable agricultural practices by improving weed management, protecting crop yield and reducing reliance on high-volume chemical applications
• Introduces a mode of action by disrupting photosynthetic electron transport, providing effective control of plant, algae, and cyanobacteria growth and helping overcome weed resistance to herbicides

Technology

This technology produces targeted synthetic photosynthesis inhibitors for herbicidal and algicidal applications by combining biochemical and synthetic biology approaches. These inhibitors act on specific enzymes and components of the photosynthetic apparatus, blocking their function with high precision while minimizing off-target effects. The inhibitors are designed for precise targeting, ensuring that only the intended enzyme pathways are affected and enhancing the efficiency of photosynthesis management. Early tests showed clear growth inhibition in Arabidopsis seedlings and the cyanobacterium Synechocystis at concentrations as low as 10–25 µM, with nearly complete suppression at 50–100 µM. By introducing a unique mechanism of action distinct from existing products, the technology offers targeted weed and cyanobacteria control solutions with applications in agriculture, landscaping, water treatment, and beyond.