This invention is a metasurface-based optical element that enables high-contrast imaging of exoplanets in a single shot. By integrating both vortex phase modulation and polarization-dependent beam deflection into a single optical component, the technology simplifies the process of blocking out starlight to reveal nearby exoplanets. Traditional coronagraphs often require multiple optical elements or sequential imaging steps—this metasurface streamlines the system into one efficient device. The device enhances detection sensitivity through polarization-differential imaging, removing the need for complex beam-splitting or mechanical modulation systems. This device paves the way for more precise and cost-effective space-based or ground-based exoplanet imaging systems, making it ideal for next-generation astronomical instruments. Background: Exoplanet imaging is one of the most challenging tasks in observational astronomy due to the overwhelming brightness of host stars compared to their orbiting planets. Coronagraphs are widely used to block starlight and reveal faint planetary signals, but current systems typically require complex assemblies with moving parts, beam splitters, or multiple exposures. These approaches can reduce image clarity, increase system cost, and introduce alignment or calibration challenges. This invention addresses these limitations by merging two key optical functionalities—vortex suppression and polarization-based contrast—into a single, static metasurface component, enabling faster and more reliable imaging in a compact format. Applications:
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