Cryptosporidiosis is a leading cause of life-threatening diarrhea for young children and immunocompromised people and Cryptosporidium parvum, one of the two main human Cryptosporidium pathogens, is also an important cause of diarrhea in dairy calves. Despite this impact on both human and animal health, the best available treatment of Cryptosporidium is only modestly efficacious and anti-Cryptosporidium drug development is complicated by the fact that rodents do not get diarrhea from Cryptosporidium strains relevant to humans.
Researchers at the University of Vermont has developed a suite of phenotypic assays to ensure pipeline diversity and to determine molecular mode of action for potential Cryptosporidium growth inhibitors and has developed a dairy model of cryptosporidiosis to determine clinical response in animals as well. With these tools, the lab identified a piperazine based lead compound, MMV665917, and treatment of infected calves resulted in both prompt resolution of diarrhea and reduced total fecal oocyte shedding by 94%, establishing MMV665917 as an outstanding lead compound for Cryptosporidium drug development.