USF inventors have developed a method for communicating optical data. This method utilizes vectorial optical fields as the information carrier. The information is directly encoded as different vectorial modes, and is decoded by using specific differential spatial phase decoders for high dimensional communication. For multiplexed operation, each channel uses one vectorial mode, and the information is sent through different modes simultaneously. These protocols are resistant to moderate atmospheric turbulence and can operate without the need for an adaptive optics module. This helps the system to be more efficient and reliable. The invention provides an optical metrology tool for fundamental studies of vectorial optical fields and has applications in microscopy, surveillance, imaging, optical fiber communication, material processing and laser trapping.
Vector Beams of Asymmetrically Encoded DSPSK Schemes Under Various Turbulences