Existing plasma thrusters face significant challenges, primarily due to the rapid degradation of electrodes, leading to a shortened operational life. These conventional systems, relying on a single cathode-anode pair, suffer from inefficiencies that lead to rapid wear and limit their thruster life especially in small satellite platforms like CubeSats. Researchers at George Washington University have developed a novel micro-cathode matrix arc thruster to overcome these challenges. The design proposed utilizes a matrix of micro-cathodes and a common anode, distributing electron emission more efficiently and reducing wear on individual cathodes.
This configuration enables the thruster to maintain electrode integrity longer, as the multiple cathodes replenish an inter-electrode film essential for plasma generation. The stable and controlled plasma flow from distributed electron emission allows for finer adjustments in satellite orientation and trajectory. This approach not only extends the operational lifespan of the thruster but also enhances its efficiency and effectiveness, especially for small satellites like CubeSats. This space propulsion technology offers a more durable and effective solution for satellite maneuvering and positioning.
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