Influence Graph-Based Method for Sustainable Energy Systems

This technology introduces a novel influence graph-based vulnerability assessment framework for Integrated Power and Gas Systems (IPGS), designed to identify critical components that initiate cascading failures.

The method first models cascading failures using fault chain theory, where sequential component outages are characterized by transition probabilities derived from overload conditions. Unlike conventional approaches that treat electric and gas networks separately, this framework develops a unified fault chain model for the entire IPGS. Both electric power flow (AC power flow) and dynamic gas flow models are integrated to simulate realistic interdependencies between subsystems.

From the generated fault chains, an influence graph is constructed. In this directed and weighted graph:

  • Nodes represent transmission lines or gas pipelines.
  • Edges represent propagation paths of cascading failures.
  • Edge weights are defined using two complementary metrics:
    • Energy Not Supplied (ENS) to quantify outage severity.
    • Repetitive failure frequency to reflect statistical vulnerability.

To identify the most critical branches, the framework applies eigenvector centrality, which evaluates not only how often a component fails, but also how influential its neighboring components are. This allows detection of components that may not fail frequently, yet trigger severe system-wide impacts when they do.

Validation on a 39-bus, 29-node IPGS model demonstrates that the method accurately isolates high-impact branches whose simultaneous failure leads to blackout conditions—outperforming traditional centrality-based approaches.

Benefits

  • Early Identification of Critical Infrastructure – Pinpoints branches that trigger cascading failures.
  • System-Wide Vulnerability Assessment – Unified modeling of electric and gas networks.
  • Quantitative Severity Measurement – Uses ENS to measure outage impact.
  • Improved Blackout Prevention – Identifies components whose simultaneous failure causes collapse.
  • Enhanced Grid Resilience Planning – Supports targeted reinforcement and contingency analysis.
  • Scalable for Multi-Energy Systems – Applicable to future sector-coupled energy networks.

Applications

  • Integrated power and natural gas network operators
  • Energy system planning and expansion studies
  • Grid resilience and reliability assessment
  • Contingency analysis tools
  • Infrastructure risk assessment for utilities
  • Smart grid and multi-energy system optimization platforms
  • Regulatory and resilience policy planning

 

Patent Information: