In conventional micro and nano-satellite propulsion, systems often have issues such as low efficiency and a limited lifespan primarily due to the constraints of propellant use and power management. These systems, crucial for satellite maneuverability and positioning, typically suffer from inadequate thrust generation, leading to reduced operational capabilities. This limitation poses significant challenges in the increasingly complex and demanding space missions that require precise control and longer mission durations.
Researchers at George Washington University have developed an innovative micro-cathode arc thruster with an ablative anode, effectively addressing these challenges. This novel method significantly improves the thrust-to-power ratio, a critical factor in propulsion systems. By employing ablative material for the anode, the thruster not only generates more efficient thrust but also extends the operational life of satellites. This innovation aligns with the miniaturization trend in satellite technology, offering a compact yet powerful solution for micro and nanosatellites. The improved propulsion system is particularly advantageous for satellite constellations, providing enhanced maneuverability, longer lifespan, and greater reliability for complex space operations.
Fig.1 - Perspective view of a cube micro - satellite incorporating high thrust to power ratio micro -cathode anode thruster units.
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