This technology is a microbial biofilm designed for survival and functionality in space environments made from a carefully selected combination of extremophiles, which are microorganisms, bacteria, and microbes capable of living in extreme conditions. Each extremophile has distinct capabilities that work together for oxygen production, radiation protection, extreme cold tolerance, and nitrogen for plant growth. Unlike single-species systems or synthetic modules, this living biofilm can self-repair, adapt to environmental changes, and provide multiple life-support benefits without constant resupply. Together, these microorganisms form a living layer that can endure intense UV radiation, low temperatures, and nutrient-poor soils, supporting human life by generating oxygen, protecting against radiation, and enabling sustainable agriculture in planetary habitats such as those on Mars. Background: Space colonization faces critical challenges, including the need for oxygen production, radiation shielding, temperature regulation, and nutrient cycling in environments with minimal resources. Current approaches often rely on heavy, resource-intensive mechanical systems that require constant maintenance and replacement, making them costly and logistically complex for long-duration missions. This extremophile-based biofilm can withstand high radiation, extreme cold, and nutrient-poor conditions to support sustained presence and functionality in space environments. Applications:
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